The Big Bang

Contents
  1. Cosmogony
  2. Singularity
  3. The Big  Bang - 1  More singularity
  4. The Big  Bang - 2  The early Universe is a 'soup' of heat and radiation.
  5. The Big  Bang - 3  Is a scientific theory
  6. Background radiation  Helps astronomers determine the age of the universe
  7. More on Dark energy  i e from 3.20 on the “Talk” page here.



Today's journey includes the question:

How did the solar system come into being?

First, we now backtrack.


We'll come to singularity.  Also the Time-X-Y representation.

So far, we see a grossly simplified original sky at night  starting from a Big Bang c 14 billion years ago expanding.  

Contents

 

1  Cosmogony 

  1. In astronomy, cosmogony refers to the study of the origin of particular astrophysical objects or systems, and is most commonly used in reference to the origin of the universe, ....  

  2. The prevalent cosmological model of the early development of the universe is the Big Bang theory. ... 

  3. It is generally accepted that the universe began at a point of singularity, and when the singularity of the universe started to expand, the Big Bang occurred, which evidently began the universe.

  4. ... there is currently no theoretical model that explains the earliest moments of the universe's existence  ...due to a lack of .. testable theory . . . 

  5. The main disagreement among theories is whether time existed "before" the emergence of our universe.

  6. Under the top image this text is shown:  

  7. The Big Bang theory, which states that the universe originally expanded from high or infinite density, is widely accepted by physicists. 

However, the X Y Time model is disputable.  The Time dimension is extra to the three dimensional Height, Width, Depth model and does not replace Height.






2  Singularity


The initial singularity was a  ... seemingly infinite density thought to have contained all the mass . .  of the Universe before causing it to rapidly expand in the Big Bang  ... , creating the present-day Universe. 





3  The Big  Bang - 1

.

Related image

3  The Big  Bang - 1

  1. According to the Big Bang Theory, ‘everything in existence is thought to have occupied a single infinitely dense point’ called the singularity. 

  2. ‘'Only after this point began to expand in a “Big Bang” did the universe officially begin’, which gives the universe an age of 13.8 billion years. 

  3. The problem with this theory is that it cannot explain what happened before, or during, the singularity. ...

  4. In the beginning, everything in existence is thought to have occupied a single infinitely dense point, or singularity. Only after this point began to expand in a “Big Bang” did the universe officially begin.



Plenty more text there. 



4  The Big  Bang - 2





   a       b        c       d         e             f                   g
         BB                  soup           first atoms        first stars          first large galaxies        Universe expands                          Sun etc form

a
The Big Bang - 13.8 billion years ago. Let's say this is the average.

b
The early Universe is a 'soup' of heat and radiation.

c
The Dark Ages: the first atoms form...

d
.. about 200 million years after a, the first stars form.

e
First large galaxies form around 1 billion years after a.

f
..expansion of Universe starts to rapidly accelerate  ....

g

.. about nine billion years after a, our solar system and sun forms.  Leftover material collects to form solar planets including Earth.

Planetarium: curated by Chris Wormell and Raman Prinja. 2018, 
Big Picture Press. here p 87




  

5  The Big Bang - 3

  1. is a scientific theory about how the universe started, and then made the stars and galaxies we see today. 

  2. The Big Bang is the name that scientists use for the most common theory of the universefrom the very early stages to the present day.

  3. The universe began as a very hot, small and dense superforce .... with no stars, atoms, form or structure .. . 

  4. Then about 13.8 billion years ago, space expanded very quickly  (thus the name "Big Bang"). 

  5. This started the formation of atoms, which eventually led to the formation of stars and galaxies. 

  6. It was Georges Lemaître who first noted (in 1927) that an expanding universe could be traced back in time to an originating single point. 

  7. The universe is still expanding today and is also getting colder.


6  Background radiation 

 6.1  
A 2013 map of the background radiation left over from the Big Bang*, taken 

by the ESA's Planck spacecraft, captured the oldest light in the universe. 

This information helps astronomers determine the age of the universe.  

source      ESA is here.   Planck is here           * here 

6.2
Planck was a space observatory operated by the .. ESA from 2009 to 2013, which mapped ... the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at microwave and infra-red frequencies..




What is meant by radiation in physics?

The emission and development of energy in the form of rays or waves. 

 


7  Dark energy

What Is Dark Energy?

More is unknown than is known. 

  1. We know how much dark energy there is because we know how it affects the universe's expansion. 

  2. Other than that, it is a complete mystery. 

  3. But it is an important mystery. It turns out that roughly 68% of the universe is dark energy. 

  4. Dark matter makes up about 27%. 

  5. The rest - everything on Earth, everything ever observed with all of our instruments, all normal matter - adds up to less than 5% of the universe.

source with diagram





For those who need images of the big bang this is a link.

Hope you enjoyed them.  Films, DVDs etc are full of such representations. 

Meaningless.

The sound effects are equally meaningless.  Sound does not travel in a vacuum.  more